THE ROLE OF SOCIAL AND HYGIENIC FACTORS IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF OSTEOCHONDROSIS OF THE SPINE
Abstract
Osteochondrosis is a complex degenerative disease of the musculoskeletal system that affects not only the intervertebral discs, but also other parts of the spine, as well as muscles and nerve endings. This disease is the result of many factors affecting the health of the musculoskeletal system. [1]. The great interest of doctors of various specialties in OS (osteochondrosis of the spine) is due to the extreme prevalence of the disease worldwide [2,3,11]. Screening X-ray examinations indicate that the initial signs of degenerative-dystrophic changes in the spine, manifested in a decrease in the height of the intervertebral discs, may already appear in children aged 6 years, which signals the occurrence of osteochondrosis. [4] Acute problems associated with this disease arise due to its widespread prevalence among people of working age (45-60 years), which leads to significant economic losses, including the cost of medical services and reduced labor productivity. [5,6,12] In people over 50 years of age, the pathology of the musculoskeletal system occupies a leading place in the structure of general morbidity. OS with spondylogenic pain syndrome is the second most common reason for going to a doctor after respiratory diseases and the third most common reason for hospitalization [7,8]. Thus, the prevalence of OS reaches the size of a pandemic and is a serious medical and socio-economic problem in developed countries [9, 10]. Nevertheless, early diagnosis, adequate treatment and rehabilitation play a key role in improving the quality of life of patients and in a positive medical and social prognosis for people with osteochondrosis of the spine.
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